Final assignment toefl
By : Mely Desinta Komalasari
.
SKILL 1
SUBJECT AND VERBS
You know that a sentence
in english should have a subject and a verb
Example :
Newspapers _______ every morning and every evening.
a.
Delivery
b.
Are delivered
c.
On time
d.
Regulary
Look there the sentece
has a subject “newspapers” but that there is no verb, and you look “newspapers”
is plural, so the best answer (B) are delivered because a sentence in english
must have at least one subject and one verb.
·
SKILL 2
OBJECT OF PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions are words
which begin phrases, a prepositionsal phrases is a group of words containing a
prepositions. A naoun or pronoun object
of prepositions. That site in front of
(is prepositions before) its object.
The following word are
the most commonly used prepositions:
At About
Of Above
To Among
By Below
Behind Between, etc.
Example:
The name of the baby in the crib is Jack.
S object S.
V
Of prepositions
Preposition
·
SKILL 3
PRESENT PARTICIPLES
To tell the action that
happen at now. Present participles have
two functions.
Pattern : Verb + Ing
1. First function such a verbs
example : She
is eating her breakfast now.
S to be v+ing
If the noun is a verb, must accept helping verb (are,
am, is).
2. second function such a adjective.
example : The girl wearing a red shirt is
my aunt.
S adjective V --> to be yang
menjadi verb
Adjective it doesn't mean always to explain what at
the front sentences like a noun, but adjective explained also behind.
example : Freezing rain.
explain the rain
·
SKILL 4
PAST PARTICIPLES
That is a verb III, past participles is a mean
passive and show past time.
Past participles have two functions :
1. as a verbs
example
: The mailman has left a letter in the mailbox.
S to be v3
If the
noun is a verb must accept helping verb (are,
am, is).
2. as
a adjectve
example
: The letter left in the mailbox was for me.
S adjective V
Adjective
explain the word of the front.
The
following word are the most commonly used :
Infinitive
|
Past tense
|
Past participle
|
Makna
|
Awake
be (are, am,
is)
Become
etc.
|
Awoke
Was, Were
Became
|
Awoked
Been
Become
|
Bangun
Menjadi
|
·
SKILL 5
COORDINATE CONNECTORS
One way to connect two clauses is to use ;
and, but, or, so between the clauses.
Consist of two clauses that is dipendent clause and independent
clause. the sentences must have comma
before and after coordinate connectors must have subcject abd verbs. this connectors only used in the middle of a
sentences.
PATTERN :
S + V + comma (,) + coordinate connectors + V + S
example :
The
material has been cut, and the
pieces have been sewn together .
S V Connectors S V
·
SKILL 6
ADVERB CONNECTORS
In the sentence consist of two clauses,
example :
He is tired because he has been working hard.
In there sentences have two caluses : he is tired and he has been working hard.
The two clauses or sentences need adverb
connectors, and connectors right is because.
* He is
tired because he has been working hard.
PATTERN
1. S + V + (Adverb Connectors) + S + V
2. (Adverb Connectors) + S + V + comma + S + V
If the connectors be the middle, it is do not
have to use comma but if the connectors at the begining of a sentences must
using comma in the middle of a sentences.
Adverb of time and Cause connectors
Time
|
Cause
|
Conditions
|
Contrast
|
After
As
Before
When
since, etc.
|
Because
|
If
Wether
|
Although
Eventhough
Though
While, etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
·
SKILL 7
NOUN
CLAUSE CONNECTORS
- *
what, when, where, why, how after
this connectors must Subject and Verb.
- *
whether, if, after
this connector also must have subject and verb.
- *
that for
this connectors you can use or without Subject.
A
noun clause is a clause that functions as a
noun. And except Who don't include to
noun connectors.
PATTERN :
S + Verb + noun clause connectors + S
+ Verb
example :
It is
unfortunate that the meal is not ready yet.
S
V connectors S
V
·
SKILL 8
NOUN
CLAUSE CONNECTORS/SUBJECTS
A
noun clause connectors can also be the subject of the clause at the same time.
Noun
clause connectors/subject :
*
Who
Must
don't use Subject.
*
What
To
this connectors you can used Subject + Verbs after or only used Verb without
Subject.
*
Which
Only
use Verb after these connectors.
PATTERN
:
S
+ Verb + Noun Clause Connectors/Subjects + ♡
Example :
The teacher heard
who answered the
question.
S V connectors V
There are two clauses :
The teacher heard and who answered the
question, these two clauses are joined by the connectirs WHO. It importamt to understand that in thia
sentente the wird WHO have two functions.
Ut is both the subject.
·
SKILL 9
ADJECTIVE
CLAUSES CONNECTORS
An
adjective clause describe a noun.
The
sentence patterns used with them :
*
Whom (for people)
*
Which (for things)
*
That (fof people or things)
PATTERN
:
*
S + Verb + Adjective clause connectors + S + Verb
*
S + Adjective cluse connectors + S + Verb + Verb
Example
:
I did not believe
the story that he told me.
S V adjc conj S V
·
SKILL 10
ADJECTIVE
CLAUSE CONNECTORS/SUBJECTS
Adjective
clause connectors can also be tge subject of the clauase at the same time.
The
sentence patterns used with them :
* Whom (for people)
To this connectors do not use Subject.
* Which (for things)
In this connectors you can use double Subject.
* That (for people or things)
Use Subject or without Subject.
PATTERN :
* S + Verb + Adjective clause connectors +
Verb
* S + Adjective clause connectors + Verb + Verb
Example :
The children that were vaccinated did not
get sick.
S(main
idea) adj clause V V ( verb from the first
sentence)
Nah itu dia diatas sedikit berabagi ilmu tentang grammar. Semoga bermanfaat ya. Dulu yang jadi dosen di mata kuliah TOEFL ini killer banget, tapi jadi rajin ngerjain tugas karena takut. Padahal ada bagusnya juga ada dosen kaya beliau Mrs. Yuke, tegas dan bijak banget pas lagi ngajar. Sampai ada beberapa hal yang di inget yang salah satunya adalah tugas ini. Disuruh ngerangkum seabreg tapi ga sia-sia sih, ada beberapa juga yang nyangkut di otak, hehe.